What is Personal Independence Payment (PIP)?

PIP is a state benefit that helps people deal with some of the extra costs associated with long-term illness or disability. It was introduced in 2013 to replace the Disability Living Allowance (DLA). 

The benefit isn't means-tested, so it doesn't matter if you have a job or another source of income.

PIP rates

There are two parts to PIP. You might be eligible for one or both components depending on your needs, and how much you're affected by your condition. 

You'll be assessed to work out what level of help you need.

1. Daily living component

You'll be assessed on things such as your ability to prepare food and drink, wash, dress, go to the toilet, manage health conditions and make financial decisions.

For 2026-27 the payment is worth:

• £76.70 a week on the standard rate
• £114.60 a week on the enhanced rate.

2. Mobility component

You'll be assessed on your ability to 'plan and follow a journey' and 'move around'.

For 2026-27  the payment is worth:

• £30.30 a week with the standard rate
•  £80.00 a week with the enhanced rate. 

PIP is tax-free and usually paid every four weeks into your bank account. 

You will also receive a £10 Christmas bonus payment. 

PIP eligibility

To apply for PIP,  you must:

• be aged between 16 years and state pension age
• live in England, Wales or Northern Ireland
• have an illness or disability that means you need help with personal care or getting around
• have had the condition or disability for three months, and expect it to continue for at least nine months (unless you're terminally ill with less than six months to live).

If you live in Scotland, there is an equivalent benefit called Adult Disability Payment. 

If you're over state pension age and are making a new claim, you have to apply for Attendance Allowance (or Pension Age Disability Payment in Scotland) instead. But if you're already claiming PIP when you reach state pension age, you can continue receiving PIP as long as there's no change in your condition.

To qualify, you usually must have lived in the England, Wales or Northern Ireland for at least two out of the last three years and be in the country when you claim.

In Northern Ireland, the process works differently - you can find more information about PIP eligibility on NI Direct.

Key facts about PIP 

• If you have mobility problems and you're not yet at state pension age, it's worth applying for PIP as soon as possible, as this can include an additional payment for mobility problems, which Attendance Allowance does not. You can no longer apply for PIP after you've reached state pension age.
• If you have a terminal illness and you've been told you are not expected to live for more than six months, you'll get the enhanced daily living component rate
• If you move into a care home and your local authority pays some or all of your fees, the daily living component of PIP will stop after 28 days.

What is Adult Disability Payment in Scotland?

Adult Disability Payment is the Scottish equivalent of Personal Independence Payment in the rest of Great Britain, having replaced PIP north of the border in 2025. 

It's operated by Social Security Scotland, and is available for people who live in Scotland and who have a disability or long-term health condition that affects everyday life.

The rates for 2026-27 are the same as for PIP and comprise two parts; you may qualify for one or both parts.

1. Daily living component

You'll be assessed on things such as your ability to prepare food and drink, wash, dress, go to the toilet, manage health conditions and make financial decisions.

For 2026-27 the payment is worth:

• £76.70 a week on the standard rate
• £114.60 a week on the enhanced rate.

2. Mobility component

You'll be assessed on your ability to 'plan and follow a journey' and 'move around'.

For 2026-27  the payment is worth:

• £30.30 a week with the standard rate
•  £80.00 a week with the enhanced rate. 

You can find out more about Adult Disability Payment, including eligibility and how to apply, on the Scottish Government website.

How to apply for Personal Independence Payment

To apply, call the PIP new claims phoneline to request an application form: 0800 917 2222 (Mon-Fri, 8am-5pm).

Before you call, ensure you have the following information to hand:

• your contact details and date of birth
• National Insurance number
• bank or building society details
• doctor's or health worker's name
• details of any time spent abroad or in a care home or hospital.

If someone is caring for you, they can call on your behalf if necessary, but you'll need to be with them when they do.

After the initial call, the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will post you a form called 'How your condition affects you', which you or your carer will need to complete and return. In some areas you may also be able to apply for PIP online. 

Once you have submitted the form, the next step is for you to be assessed by an independent health professional. This may happen by phone, video call, or at a local PIP assessment centre.

What is the PIP assessment?

The PIP assessment or PIP test involves a discussion so that health professionals can decide whether you're entitled to the benefit.

During the assessment, the assessor will ask you questions about how your condition affects your daily life. This conversation will be based on the information that you gave on your claim form. Be prepared to give examples of what you find difficult. Think about what you find difficult on your worst days, not just good or average days. 

If the assessment is in person, you may also be asked to carry out a number of tasks based on everyday activities and your condition. 

The tests are split into two sections – one to assess daily living needs and the other to assess your mobility. You're awarded points for each activity, based on your ability to carry them out and how much help you need with each.

From April 2026, the Department for Work and Pensions will carry out more face-to-face assessments and increase how often Work Capability Assessments for universal credit take place.

To support this change, the time between PIP reviews will be extended for most claimants aged 25 and over. New claims will usually be reviewed at least every three years, which could increase to up to five years after a later review for those aged 25 and over.

PIP test scores and weekly payments

To be eligible to receive PIP, you must score at least eight points in either test.

PIP assessment activities

If you have an in-person assessment, you may be asked to carry out some of the following tasks of normal living. If the assessment is by phone, you will be asked how difficult you find each of the tasks, and details of what you need help with. 

For the daily living assessment

• Preparing and cooking food: you'll be asked to make a simple meal, such as pasta and sauce or an omelette.
• Eating: how well can you cut your food, put food and drink into your mouth, chew and swallow it?
• Washing and bathing: how well can you wash yourself and your hair, and do you need the help of additional aids to do so?
• Managing your treatment: if you've been prescribed medication, such as tablets, creams or injections, the assessors will check if you can take or apply these yourself. They will also assess your ability to do any exercises or other activities that you have been advised you to do.
• Going to the toilet: are you able to use the toilet and clean yourself afterwards without any special aids? If you're incontinent, are you able to manage it yourself?
• Dressing and undressing: how well can you dress yourself, including tasks such as getting socks on and off, and using buttons.
• Speaking and hearing: do you need any special aids to help with your speaking or hearing?
• Socialising: assessors will look at how well you can talk to others, understand their moods and behave appropriately.
• Reading and comprehension: do you need any special help or aids to read and understand written sentences?
• Managing your money: you'll be assessed on how well you can plan and budget your money.

For the mobility tests

• Planning and following a journey: how well you can find your way to a certain place and whether it causes you any anxiety or stress.
• Moving around: this assesses how well you can stand and then move a distance of up to 200 metres, and whether you need help to do so.

Planned changes to PIP eligibility criteria

In spring 2025, the government said it would tighten the scoring rules for the daily living part of the PIP assessment.

Currently, you can qualify by scoring a combination of one or two points across several tasks, as long as you reach at least eight points overall.

Under the proposed changes, you would need to score at least four points in one daily living activity to qualify. This would likely reduce the number of people eligible for this part of PIP.

The changes were originally due to come into force in November 2026. However, the government has instead launched a wider review of the benefit.

The ‘Timms Review’ opened for evidence in March 2026 and is expected to report back in the autumn.

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PIP assessment tips

• Have your PIP form to hand: you will be asked questions about your condition, so it's a good idea to have a copy of your claim form with you as a reminder of the information you've already supplied.
• Take someone with you to in-person appointments: it's a good idea to bring someone with you for moral support. This can be anyone over the age of 16, such as a relative, friend or carer.
• Take your time: there's no need to rush, so stop and think about your answer. Try to avoid yes and no answers, and respond as fully as you can, explaining how each task makes you feel afterwards.
• Act normally: don't try to do things on the assessment day that you wouldn't normally be able to do – tell the assessor if you don't feel comfortable doing a certain activity.
• Check the assessment centre is suitable if it's an in-person appointment: for example, will there be a lift if you need to go upstairs, or do you need an interpreter? If you have any special requirements, always request these in advance.
• Claim your travel expenses: you (and the person coming with you, if you travel together) can claim back travel expenses after an in-person assessment - ask at the assessment centre for a form, and keep all your tickets and receipts. If you are travelling by taxi, you'll need to get this approved by the centre before your appointment.

What happens after the assessment?

Following the assessment, the professional you spoke to will write up a report and send it to the DWP. The DWP then makes its decision about your claim based on the results of the assessment and the details on your application form.

There is no set time to receive a decision after the assessment. However, it generally takes around 12 weeks from the date you started your claim, although it can take longer.

You'll be sent a letter stating whether or not you'll receive PIP and, if so, which components and rates you're entitled to.

If you disagree with the decision, you can challenge it up to one month after the date of the letter. For more information on how to appeal a benefits decision, see our guide to benefits for older people.

PIP reassessments

If you receive PIP, you're required to go through regular reviews to check your eligibility. These usually take place annually or every few years, although less severe or temporary disabilities can be checked more frequently.

PIP recipients who are over the state pension age will continue to receive the payments indefinitely without further assessments.

What was Disability Living Allowance?

Disability Living Allowance (DLA) was a monthly, tax-free benefit for disabled people who have care needs or mobility needs. It was replaced by Personal Independence Payment (PIP) for those over the age of 16 in 2013.

If you're looking to make a new claim to help with disability needs, you'll need to apply for PIP instead. But if you are over the state pension age, you may be eligible for Attendance Allowance, instead of PIP.