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Should you choose a bank or a building society for your mortgage?

The latest Which? mortgage lender research can help you decide

Looking for a mortgage can be overwhelming, but our new mortgage research can help you cut through the noise.

We've asked more than 5,000 members of the general public about their satisfaction with their mortgage provider and combined this with analysis of mortgage data to help borrowers confidently shop around.

Read on to discover how customer satisfaction differs between banks and building societies, which lenders are the most competitive on rates, and our Which? Recommended Provider for mortgages this year.

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If you click on the link and complete a mortgage with L&C Mortgages, L&C is paid a commission by the lender and will share part of this fee with Which? Ltd helping fund our not-for-profit mission. We do not allow this relationship to affect our editorial independence. Your home or property may be repossessed if you do not keep up repayments on your mortgage.

Banks vs building societies: what do customers think of the service?

Our latest customer satisfaction survey of over 5,000 mortgage customers found that building societies have the happiest customers.

Nationwide Building Society, Principality Building Society and Skipton Building Society all topped the table with an impressive customer score of 80%.

Among the big banks, Barclays was the standout performer. It placed fifth in our table, with a customer score of 75%. 

Generally, we found that borrowers are satisfied with their mortgage provider; the lowest customer score is 67% for the Bank of Ireland UK, which is still a respectable result.  

Which lenders offer the most competitive interest rates?

We know that the most important factor for mortgage borrowers is the interest rate. 

That’s why we don't just use the customer score when thinking about the provider we will recommend, but also check which lenders offer good deals.

To do this, we analysed thousands of mortgages, using Moneyfacts data, over eight weeks between August and September 2025 for 13 types of mortgages. We compiled a series of top 10 cheapest deals tables based on a variety of borrowing scenarios, and counted how many times each lender featured in a table, to identify the lenders that consistently offer competitive deals.

While we found building societies dominated the top of our customer satisfaction survey, our interest rate research revealed that the big banks have led the way on rates recently, with 8 banks in our top 10.

HSBC came out on top in our analysis, consistently providing a wide range of competitive mortgages. However, Nationwide - one of only two building societies in our top 10 - came in second.  

LenderAverage number of table appearances per week
HSBC10.9
Nationwide Building Society
10
Santander10
NatWest8.8
Barclays9
First Direct8.3
Royal Bank of Scotland8.4

Table notes:  Analysis of 13 types of mortgages over eight weeks in August-September 2025. Data collected weekly from Moneyfacts. The average number of table appearances was 5.

  • Find out more: If you want to find the best mortgage deals today, check out our guide to the best mortgage rates. We update the tables daily using Moneyfacts data to reveal the lowest rates for first-time buyers, home movers and those remortgaging.

The lenders to look out for when shopping around

Here are the lenders that offered competitive rates most consistently for first-time buyers, homemovers and those remortgaging during our research:


The most competitive lenders
Buying your first home

1. NatWest

2. Royal Bank of Scotland

3. HSBC

4. First Direct 

5. Nationwide Building Society 

Moving home

1. HSBC

2. Santander 

3. First Direct 

4. Halifax

5. Yorkshire Building Society

Remortgaging

1. Santander

2. NatWest

3. Barclays 

4. HSBC

5. First Direct

Table notes:  Interest rate analysis conducted over eight weeks in August-September 2025. Data collected weekly from Moneyfacts.

The Which? Recommended Mortgage Provider of 2025

This year, only one lender met our thresholds for customer satisfaction and competitive interest rates: Nationwide Building Society. 

Whether you are a first-time buyer, home mover or remortgager, we found that Nationwide Building Society consistently offers competitive mortgage rates, especially for first-time buyers.

To help first-time buyers, Nationwide also offers the Helping Hand mortgage. The lender will offer up to 33% larger loans with this mortgage than standard products, to help buyers tackle high house prices. 

Currently, Nationwide doesn't offer mortgages with lower rates for homes with high EPC ratings (A or B), but it does offer 0% additional borrowing for green home improvements. Be aware that the 0% rate only applies for the duration of your fixed-rate term.

How we analyse mortgage lenders

Which? is completely independent, and our research isn't influenced by lenders. 

Our customer scores and star ratings are created by responses to our customer satisfaction survey of 5,016 members of the general public, conducted in August/September 2025.

Each customer score reflects how satisfied customers are with their provider and how likely they would be to recommend it.

Our rate analysis covers 13 different mortgage scenarios and uses eight weeks of Moneyfacts data, so we can be confident when telling you the lenders that consistently offer competitive rates.

Lenders must receive a minimum of 40 responses to be included in our results. Customer score sample sizes: Nationwide Building Society (642), Principality Building Society (44), Skipton Building Society (53), Accord Mortgages (86), Barclays Mortgage (880), Clydesdale Bank (45), Lloyds Bank (327), TSB(94), Virgin Money(68), Yorkshire Building Society (51), Coventry Building Society (92) First direct (81), HSBC (454), NatWest (529), Santander (429), Atom Bank (48), Halifax (744), The Co-Operative (Platform) (49), Leeds Building Society (69), Royal Bank of Scotland (87) and Bank of Ireland (54).

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